SUO32l Oscillator

Oscillators

Suntsu Crystal Oscillators are available in through-hole or surface-mount packaging with many sizes to choose from. We offer a wide frequency range and many different voltages and logic options. Pick out a standard part number from the data sheets listed below or contact our sales team to request any custom parameters that you desire and we will design to your specific needs.

A Crystal Oscillator is an electronic circuit that uses the mechanical resonance of a vibrating crystal of piezoelectric material to create an electrical signal with a very precise frequency. This frequency is commonly used to keep track of time, to provide a stable clock signal for digital integrated circuits, and to stabilize frequencies for radio transmitters and receivers. Learn More

SeriesImageLogicPackageStability ToVoltage(s)FrequencyReelKey FeatureLink
SXO11CSXO11C OscillatorCMOS1.6X1.2 CERAMIC SMD (4PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V1.000MHz - 80.000MHz3KUltra-Miniature PackageProduct Learn More
SAO21CSAO21C OscillatorCMOS2.0X1.6 CERAMIC SMD (4PAD) OSCILLATOR±30ppm1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V32.768kHz, 0.250MHz – 125.000MHz3KAEC-Q100 CompliantProduct Learn More
SXO21CSXO21C OscillatorCMOS2.0X1.6 CERAMIC SMD (4PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V1.000MHz - 60.000MHz3KUltra-Miniature PackageProduct Learn More
SAO22CSAO22C OscillatorCMOS2.5X2.0 CERAMIC SMD (4PAD) OSCILLATOR±30ppm1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V32.768kHz, 0.250MHz – 125.000MHz3KAEC-Q100 CompliantProduct Learn More
SXO22CSXO22C OscillatorCMOS2.5X2.0 CERAMIC SMD (4PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V32.768kHz, 1.000MMz - 110.000MHz3KUltra-Miniature PackageProduct Learn More
SUO22PSUO22P OscillatorLVPECL2.5X2.0 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V13.500MHz - 156.250MHz3KUltra Low JitterProduct Learn More
SUO22LSUO22L OscillatorLVDS2.5X2.0 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V13.500MHz - 156.250MHz3KUltra Low JitterProduct Learn More
SQG22CSQG22C OscillatorCMOS2.5X2.0 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V8.000MHz - 250.000MHz3KProgrammed Oscillator, Low JitterProduct Learn More
SQG22PSGQ22P OscillatorLVPECL2.5X2.0 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V8.000MHz - 1500.000MHz3KProgrammed Oscillator, Low JitterProduct Learn More
SQG22LSQG22L OscillatorLVDS2.5X2.0 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V8.000MHz - 1500.000MHz3KProgrammed Oscillator, Low JitterProduct Learn More
SQC32CSQG32C OscillatorCMOS3.0X2.5 CERAMIC SMD (4PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm3.3V, 5.0V1.000MHz - 133.000MHz1KQuick Turn, Programmed OscillatorProduct Learn More
SAO32CSAO32C OscillatorCMOS3.2X2.5 CERAMIC SMD (4PAD) OSCILLATOR±30ppm1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V32.768kHz, 0.250MHz – 125.000MHz3KAEC-Q100 CompliantProduct Learn More
SEO324SEO324 OscillatorCMOS3.2X2.5 CERAMIC SMD (4PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V1.000MHz – 150.000MHz3KHigh Stability Over Extended TemperatureProduct Learn More
SLO32LSLO32L OscillatorLVDS3.2X2.5 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V100.000MHz - 320.000MHz3KLow current, Ultra Low JitterProduct Learn More
SLO32PSLO32P OscillatorLVPECL3.2X2.5 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V100.000MHz - 320.000MHz3KLow current, Ultra Low JitterProduct Learn More
SQG32CSQG32C OscillatorCMOS3.2X2.5 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V8.000MHz - 250.000MHz3KMiniature package, quick turn, low jitter, wide frequency rangeProduct Learn More
SQG32PSQG32P OscillatorLVPECL3.2X2.5 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V8.000MHz - 1500.000MHz3KMiniature package, quick turn, low jitter, wide frequency rangeProduct Learn More
SQG32LSQG32L OscillatorLVDS3.2X2.5 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V8.000MHz - 1500.000MHz3KMiniature package, quick turn, low jitter, wide frequency rangeProduct Learn More
SSO32CSSO32C OscillatorCMOS3.2X2.5 SILICON SMD (4PAD) OSCILLATOR±50ppm1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V0.01MHz – 212.500MHz3KAll Silicon without Quartz and MEMSProduct Learn More
SSO32LSSO32L OscillatorLVDS3.2X2.5 SILICON SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±50ppm1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V0.01MHz – 350.000MHz3KAll Silicon without Quartz and MEMSProduct Learn More
SSO32PSSO32P OscillatorLVPECL3.2X2.5 SILICON SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±50ppm1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V0.01MHz – 350.000MHz3KAll Silicon without Quartz and MEMSProduct Learn More
SUO32PSUO32P OscillatorLVPECL3.2X2.5 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm3.3V80.000 - 170.000MHz3KUltra Low JitterProduct Learn More
SUO32LSUO32L OscillatorLVDS3.2X2.5 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm3.3V80.000 - 170.000MHz3KUltra Low JitterProduct Learn More
SXO32CSXO32C OscillatorCMOS3.2X2.5 CERAMIC SMD (4PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V32.768kHz, 1.000MHz - 133.000MHz3KUltra-Miniature PackageProduct Learn More
SLO53LSLO53L OscillatorLVDS5.0X3.2 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V100.000MHz - 320.000MHz1KLow current, Ultra Low JitterProduct Learn More
SLO53PSLO53P OscillatorLVPECL5.0X3.2 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V100.000MHz - 320.000MHz1KLow current, Ultra Low JitterProduct Learn More
SQC53CSQC53C OscillatorCMOS5.0X3.2 CERAMIC SMD (4PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm3.3V, 5.0V1.000MHz - 133.000MHz1KQuick Turn, Programmed OscillatorProduct Learn More
SQG53CSQG53C OscillatorCMOS5.0X3.2 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V8.000MHz - 250.000MHz1KProgrammed Oscillator, Low JitterProduct Learn More
SQG53PSQG53P OscillatorLVPECL5.0X3.2 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V8.000MHz - 1500.000MHz1KProgrammed Oscillator, Low JitterProduct Learn More
SQG53LSQG53L OscillatorLVDS5.0X3.2 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V10.000MHz - 800.000MHz1KProgrammed Oscillator, Low JitterProduct Learn More
SUO53PSUO53P OscillatorLVPECL5.0X3.2 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm3.3V80.0000 - 170.000MHz1KUltra Low JitterProduct Learn More
SUO53LSUO53L OscillatorLVDS5.0X3.2 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm3.3V80.0000 - 170.000MHz1KUltra Low JitterProduct Learn More
SXO53CSXO53C OscillatorCMOS5.0X3.2 CERAMIC SMD (4PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V32.768kHz, 1.000MHz - 160.000MHz1KMiniature PackageProduct Learn More
SXO53PSXO53P OscillatorLVPECL5.0X3.2 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V20.000MHz - 160.000MHz1KLow JitterProduct Learn More
SXO53LSXO53L OscillatorLVDS5.0X3.2 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V20.000MHz - 160.000MHz1KLow JitterProduct Learn More
SXO53HSXO53H OscillatorHCSL5.0X3.2 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±25ppm2.5V, 3.3V100MHz, 125MHz1KLow Jitter, Miniature PackageProduct Learn More
SLO75LSLO75L OscillatorLVDS7.0X5.0 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V100.000MHz - 320.000MHz1KLow current, Ultra Low JitterProduct Learn More
SLO75PSLO75P OscillatorLVPECL7.0X5.0 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V100.000MHz - 320.000MHz1KLow current, Ultra Low JitterProduct Learn More
SQG75CSQG75C OscillatorCMOS7.0X5.0 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V8.000MHz - 250.000MHz1KProgrammed Oscillator, Low JitterProduct Learn More
SQG75PSGQ75P OscillatorLVPECL7.0X5.0 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V8.000MHz - 1500.000MHz1KProgrammed Oscillator, Low JitterProduct Learn More
SQG75LSQG75L OscillatorLVDS7.0X5.0 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V8.000MHz - 1500.000MHz1KProgrammed Oscillator, Low JitterProduct Learn More
SQC75CSQC75C OscillatorCMOS7.0X5.0 CERAMIC SMD (4PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm3.3V, 5.0V1.000MHz - 133.000MHz1KQuick Turn, Programmed OscillatorProduct Learn More
SUO75PSUO75P OscillatorLVPECL7.0X5.0 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm3.3V80.000 - 170.000MHz1KUltra Low JitterProduct Learn More
SUO75LSUO75L OscillatorLVDS7.0X5.0 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm3.3V80.000 - 170.000MHz1KUltra Low JitterProduct Learn More
SXO75CSXO75C OscillatorCMOS7.0X5.0 CERAMIC SMD (4PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V32.768kHz, 1.000MHz - 200.000MHzStandard PackageProduct Learn More
SXO75PSXO75P OscillatorLVPECL7.0X5.0 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V20.000MHz - 260.000MHz1KLow Jitter, Wide Frequency Range.Product Learn More
SXO75LSXO75L OscillatorLVDS7.0X5.0 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V20.000MHz - 260.000MHz1KLow Jitter, Wide Frequency RangeProduct Learn More
SXO75HSXO75H OscillatorHCSL7.0X5.0 CERAMIC SMD (6PAD) OSCILLATOR±25ppm2.5V, 3.3V100MHz, 125MHz1KLow JitterProduct Learn More
SXOHSCSXOHSC OscillatorCMOS/TTL8 PIN DIP OSCILLATOR 13.2x13.2 ±20ppm1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V, 5.0V32.768kHz - 155.520MHzN/AWide Frequency RangeProduct Learn More
SXOPJCSXOPJC OscillatorCMOS14X9.8 PLASTIC SMD (J-LEAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm3.3V, 5.0V1.000MHz - 125.000MHz1KPlastic J-Lead PackageProduct Learn More
SQCPJCSQCPJC OscillatorCMOS14X9.8 PLASTIC SMD (J-LEAD) OSCILLATOR±20ppm3.3V, 5.0V1.000MHz - 133.000MHz1KQuick Turn, Programmed Oscillator, J-Lead packageProduct Learn More
SXOFSCSXOFSC OscillatorCMOS/TTL14 PIN DIP OSCILLATOR 20.7x13.1±20ppm2.5V, 3.3V, 5.0V32.768kHz - 150.000MHzN/AWide Frequency RangeProduct Learn More

Quick Summary

Features Benefit Manufacturing Location(s) Monthly Capacity
• Wide range of frequencies
• No oscillation circuit design required
• Programmable options
• Low phase noise
• Form factor down to 1.6 x 1.2mm
• Custom configurations available
• China
• Taiwan
• South Korea
• >5M units

What Is an Oscillator?

An oscillator is the electronic circuit found within a device. It produces an output signal with consistent and continuous amplitude and a specific frequency. Given that an oscillator will generate waveforms at generally frequencies, it is also commonly referred to as a waveform generator for electronics. An electronic oscillator is often found in digital watches and clocks, computers and many complex electronic systems. The AC signals at specific frequencies generated by an electronic oscillator are widely used for radio or television signal transmission.

How Oscillators Work

The main role of an electronic oscillator is to convert direct current (DC) power to an alternating current (AC) signal for use in operating an electronic device. The form of the signal produced by an electronic oscillator is typically a sine or square wave from a periodic electronic signal. When DC power is connected to the electronic circuit, this is sufficient input for the oscillator to produce an AC signal at a specific frequency with the help of a transistor or a vacuum tube. On the other hand, an amplifier, which works in conjunction with an oscillator, requires an external input to generate a signal.

Typical Oscillator Types

The two major types of electronic oscillators based on the types of waveforms that they generate are linear and nonlinear oscillators. The linear electronic oscillators are also called harmonic oscillators, which produce a sinusoidal output. The nonlinear electronic oscillators are also called relaxation oscillators and produce a non-sinusoidal output. In terms of the types of components of an oscillator, the major classifications are RC, LC and crystal. Oscillators are also characterized by the level of frequency that they generate, which ranges from low to high.

Harmonic Oscillator

A harmonic oscillator is a linear oscillator that is most commonly used as an electronic amplifier. They use the feedback resistor including electronic amplifiers in order to increase negative resistance. This type of harmonic oscillators produces a sinusoidal output, which is a continuous wave as part of a smooth periodic oscillation.

Feedback Oscillator

A feedback oscillator is a type of harmonic oscillator that is generally characterized according to the particular type of frequency selective filter used in its feedback loop. The categories of feedback oscillators include RC, LC and crystal oscillators. These types of oscillators incorporate a feedback network sufficient to satisfy the requirements for oscillations within the oscillator circuit.

Negative-Resistance Oscillator

Unlike the feedback oscillator, a negative-resistance oscillator does not include a feedback network. The typical range of a negative-resistance oscillator is at or above the microwave range because a feedback oscillator generally cannot function as reliably at these higher frequencies due to the phase shift in their feedback path. The resonant circuit of a negative-resistance oscillator connects across an electronic device with negative differential resistance. Power is supplied to the resonant circuit from a DC signal. Ultimately, oscillations at the desired resonant frequency are produced when the internal loss resistance of the electronic circuit is canceled out by the negative resistance.

Voltage-Controlled Oscillator (VCO)

A voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is designed so that the device’s set frequency can be changed within a specified range by varying the current or voltage applied to the oscillator. This type of oscillator is most commonly found in phase-locked loops, which allow the frequency of the VCO to be set in conjunction with another oscillator. When used in the transmission and receipt of radio signals, a VCO usually has a varactor diode added to the resonator or oscillator. An increase in the input voltage for a VCO results in a sped-up charging rate of the capacitor.

Crystal Oscillators

The crystal oscillator is a mainstay in the design and manufacturing of a broad range of consumer electronic products. For a crystal oscillator, the specific frequencies produced can vary from 32.768kHz to over 150MHz. At higher frequencies, a crystal oscillator is more likely to be used for the transmission of radio signals. Crystal oscillators are commonly found in many of Suntsu’s high-quality electronic devices and products because of their properties for maintaining accurate and stable frequencies despite external changes. In terms of mechanical operations, the mechanical vibrations of the quartz crystal resonator determine the specific frequency that is generated from the crystal oscillator.

Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Oscillators

A surface acoustic wave (SAW) oscillator is essential for producing the radio signals that are required for cellphones. What makes a SAW oscillator distinct from other forms of oscillators is that they rely on acoustic waves from the surface of a material for the processing of signals. In a SAW oscillator, the input transducer converts the electric signal into acoustic waves. The waves are converted again into signals by an output transducer after traveling through a solid propagation medium.

Crystal Oscillator Circuit

The differences between crystal vs. oscillator options without quartz crystal are expressed in the function of the end device, with crystal oscillators being the popular choice for many devices that require a precise and stable frequency. Crystal oscillator circuits are ubiquitous with top-notch and reliable performance in electronic devices, which is why they are so widely incorporated into products sold by Suntsu. They rely on the piezoelectric effect of quartz crystals to help keep electronic devices working properly and efficiently over their lifespan. The application of an AC signal to a quartz crystal causes it to vibrate, which produces a specific signal output. The resonant frequency of a quartz oscillator circuit experiences only slight variations due to changes in external temperatures or over the lifespan of the quartz crystal oscillator.

Microelectromechanical System (MEMS) Oscillators

Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) oscillators are specifically used within timing devices. The MEMS resonators within the oscillator are what help set the desired frequencies, which tend to be much higher in MEMS oscillators than for other electronic devices. MEMS oscillators are considered a cutting-edge innovation from quartz crystal oscillators and have been commonly incorporated into commercial devices since 2006. They boast improved resistance to mechanical stresses and variations in external temperatures, which increases the stability of their frequencies.

Colpitts Crystal Oscillator

A Colpitts crystal oscillator relies on a combination of inductors and capacitors to generate and maintain its continuous oscillation at the desired frequency level. What distinguishes the Colpitts oscillator is the fact that its voltage divider consists of two capacitors that operate in series resonance.

Pierce Crystal Oscillator

A Pierce crystal oscillator is an electronic oscillator that is derived from the Colpitts crystal oscillator. Almost all of the oscillators found in digital IC clock oscillators are of the Pierce variety. This is because the composition of this clock oscillator makes it a fairly simple oscillator circuit in terms of the parts required for its manufacture. It contains only one digital inverter and resistor as well as two capacitors and the quartz crystal. One of the reasons why Suntsu is able to provide such high-quality and top-performing electronic devices at such reasonable price points is that the manufacturing costs of this highly effective type of oscillator are significantly less than the cost of more material-intensive oscillators and electronic circuits.

CMOS Crystal Oscillator

A complementary metal-oxide semiconductor logic (CMOS) crystal oscillator circuit is especially useful for clock recovery, frequency synthesis, phase-locked loop (PLL), synthesizing, system references, clock translation and multiplexing. CMOS technology is used to design IC, and quartz crystal is used as the source clock. This type of crystal oscillator features a controlled rise (output waveforms changing from a low voltage level to a much higher voltage level) and fall (output waveforms reverting back to a low voltage level from a higher voltage level) times thanks to the high-speed CMOS, and the waveform is a rectangular shape.

Microprocessor Oscillator

In almost all microprocessors, there are two oscillator pins, OSC1 and OSC2, that attach to an oscillator circuit, which produces square wave pulses and helps determine the device’s frequency based on the vibrations of the activated quartz crystal. That specific device frequency is how the device’s processor receives the signals and information that it needs to function.

Oscillator Applications

An oscillator has the capacity to run a long list of electronic devices that all depend on the stability of a specific frequency to work as expected. Some of the most common applications of oscillators include quartz watches, radio signal transmitters, audio systems, video systems, computers, inverters, metal detectors, microprocessors, water meter, telecommunication, based station, repeater, alarms, rubidium oscillator atomic clocks and lighting systems.

Oscillator Circuits

Oscillator circuits are self-sustaining in that they produce a periodic waveform at a constant rate and at a stable frequency. The losses in the feedback resonator circuit of an oscillator are overcome with an inductor or capacitor and from the application of a DC signal to the resonator at a precise frequency level. Because the oscillator circuit functions as an amplifier to produce an output frequency from positive feedback, it does not require an input signal to produce the desired frequency.

Oscillator Resonance

An oscillator at a resonant frequency is also sometimes called a tuned circuit. This occurs when the capacitive and inductive reactance of the oscillator circuit are the same, which means that the resistance of the circuit opposes the current’s flow. As a result, the current remains in phase with the circuit’s voltage without producing any phase shift. At a resonant frequency, the application of an oscillating force to the circuit allows for oscillations at a higher amplitude as compared to the resulting oscillations from the same level of force at non-resonant frequencies.

Oscillator Frequency Value

The oscillator frequency value is typically assessed and measured in Hertz (Hz) from a formula that divides the wavelength into the velocity. This tracks the oscillator waveform output in the number of oscillation cycles per second. The desired frequency value of an oscillator depends on its particular purpose and will bet set in the manufacturing process of the oscillator.

Oscillator Gain Without a Feedback Resistor

A feedback resistor sets the bias of the oscillator circuit and determines its stability. A feedback resistor is also called an Rƒ. In order for a feedback resistor in an oscillator to produce negative feedback, it feeds back part of the output signal to the negative terminal of the amplifier.

Frequently Asked Questions

In an oscillator, there are two major options for the different types of circuits that can be incorporated into a harmonic or linear oscillator in addition to the quartz crystal oscillator circuits. Resistor-capacitor (RC) circuits are preferred when a lower frequency is needed. Conversely, inductor-capacitor (LC) circuits are generally used when a higher frequency is needed.

The overall frequency stability of an oscillator is specified by setting up and operating the device within a range of parameters that are specific to the function of the oscillator. Those parameters generally include a precise temperature for the calibration of the oscillator’s frequency tolerance, reflow and first-year aging as well as specifications for the oscillator’s output load, supply voltage, shock and vibration settings.

For an oscillator, the frequency stability and operating temperature range options are indicated on the datasheet for each specific product series offered by Suntsu. Complying with these range specifications when setting up and using a device with an oscillator is essential to ensuring that the oscillator produces and maintains its desired frequency over the expected lifetime of the electronic device in which it is operating. The frequency stability can be ±10pm~100pm based on operating temperature option of -40~85°C.

A tri-state output option for an oscillator refers to the use of the tri-state pin to control the oscillator’s output function. This means that the oscillator’s output can be controlled by external power supply. The logic level of the output enable pin for the oscillator determines whether the oscillator is at a low frequency or a high impedance state. There are three states, enable, disable, and no connection.

Oscillator aging refers to very small changes in the frequency of the crystal oscillator over the lifespan of the device. Aging in crystal oscillators can be accelerated by changes in the physical size of the crystal in its manufacturing and packing processes or stress-induced from changes in temperatures and other environmental factors. The more stress and external pressures applied to an oscillator outside of its specified range, the faster the acceleration of the oscillator aging process and reduction in the usable lifespan of the electronic device. For high-quality crystal oscillators, such as OCXO offered by Suntsu, they typically register very low aging rates of ±0.1ppb per day, and standard crystal oscillator aging rate is ±3ppm per year.

Phase jitter in an oscillator is also often referred to as timing jitter. When the signal approaches the oscillation frequency, the phase noise level generally increases in an electronic oscillator. The RMS phase jitter for an oscillator is a time measurement expressed in picoseconds (pSec) and refers to how phase jitter is calculated from phase noise. Within an oscillator, the phase noise components move the device signal to adjacent frequencies, which produces various noise sidebands. The phase noise from an oscillator usually includes white noise and lower-frequency flicker noise.

The tight duty cycle for an oscillator assesses the uniformity or symmetry of the output waves. To have completely perfect waveforms in terms of symmetry, the waveform would be in a perfect logic high state exactly 50% of the time and in a logic low state the other 50% of the time. This is expressed as 50/50%. A measurement of 45/55% is considered a tight duty cycle in terms of the symmetry of the output waves for an oscillator.

The crystal oscillator output will differ based on the variations in the loads applied to the oscillator’s output ports. CMOS oscillator has commonly used with 15pF load, but the demand of LVPECL and LVDS has been increased because of the requirement high speed switching. For TCXO, clipped sinewave output is standard, and but CMOS can be used. The application of the load to an oscillator can be largely controlled for most uses of electronic devices, which means that load sensitivity in most high-quality oscillators is not a major concern. Each unit has parameters for the types of output loads and their maximum values to connect properly to the oscillator circuit. It is vital to adhere to the output load specification range for a specific oscillator and to refrain from exceeding its output load capacity so that the oscillator is able to vibrate steadily at a consistent frequency for the expected duration of its lifetime.

In terms of the process for a crystal oscillator to start, the immediate frequency generated is not stable or constant. In turn, the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator is not stable during this initial period. As a result, some microcontrollers rely on an oscillator start-up timer (OST) so that the electronic device remains in its reset mode until the crystal oscillator is warmed up and operating at its desired frequency. The time that it takes the crystal oscillator to achieve this stable frequency state is the oscillator’s start-up time. Depending on the particular oscillator that is operating within a device, the start-up time will vary and is specified on the datasheet for the individual product.

A crystal oscillator has polarity because the integrate circuit is embedded. Generally, CMOS output crystal oscillator has four pads configurations. They require power supply, ground, output, and tri-state. The differential oscillators like LVPECL and LVDS oscillators require 6pads to add the differential output.

A crystal oscillator can fail for a variety of reasons, but the quality of the quartz crystal materials used in manufacturing a crystal oscillator and the precision and accuracy of the manufacturing process can have a major impact on the effectiveness and longevity of a crystal oscillator. That is why the crystal oscillators found in all of Suntsu’s electronic devices and products are held to the strictest standards for design and manufacturing. During the oscillation of a quartz crystal oscillator, the electric signal transmits from one of the two capacitors to the quartz crystal and then back to the other capacitor in a continuous loop. If the equivalent resistance of used crystal is increased due to the defect of quartz crystal and become higher than the negative resistance of oscillator circuit, the oscillation process may never even start.

The components of a crystal oscillator are essential to the proper function and stability of the oscillator, which is why Suntsu prides itself on offering products with oscillators that have been properly manufactured and protected from external stresses and environmental changes. Typically, a crystal oscillator will consist of a ceramic package, integrate circuit with quartz crystal. IC was bonded with wire and quartz crystal is attached by conductive epoxy on the package, and then the whole package is sealed hermetically under N2 condition.

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